Maria Montessori states that she continues her philosophy of education on the basis of Wundt’s principle which says `all methods of experimental psychology can be reduced to the carefully recorded observation of the subject`.
Maria Montessori recommends regular measurements of height, weight, head circumference, chest circumference of the child as physical measurements. Physical development of children should be checked. These measurements take physical development as observations.
A lot of observation is needed when dealing with the child. These observations should be made from a spiritual point of view, rather than from a physical one, and they should aim to find the relationships and conflicts of the child with adults and their social environment.
In the Montessori method, observation tries to help children’s spiritual life.
The Montessori observation method is based on the fact that the child is spontaneously free in his activities. The child is observed under free and independent conditions. For this reason, the environment is created by the items that the child can dominate in size and weight. Thus, the child does not need adult help and acts entirely on his / her own.
Quality observation for parents will help them to understand the needs of their children. For parents to detemine the sensitive stage their children are in, during these observations is crucial for the development of the child. Sensitive stages are developmental periods which has limited time and when excessive learning passion in children is observed. They must meet with the appropriate environment and facilities in order to fully gain their abilities in these stages. If a child is sensitive to movement, numbers, language, order and social behavior, his / her education should be shaped accordingly. The observation and inference of the parent here will also enable the child to find the key points in his / her education.